Vallecular cyst

A vallecular cyst is a fluid-filled sac that typically forms at the base of the tongue in a region called the vallecula, which is located in the hypopharynx, an area of the throat.

The vallecula serves as a space that helps guide food and liquid into the esophagus and away from the airway during swallowing.

Vallecular cysts can vary in size and may cause symptoms such as difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), a sensation of a lump in the throat, or even breathing difficulties if they grow large enough to obstruct the airway.

These cysts are usually benign and develop due to blocked mucous glands or ducts.

While some may remain asymptomatic and be discovered incidentally during imaging for other issues, others may require intervention if they impact breathing or swallowing.

Treatment options often involve surgical removal, especially when the cyst is causing significant symptoms.

Imaging studies such as an MRI or CT scan of the neck can be used to detect vallecular cysts.

These scans provide detailed images that help in assessing the size and extent of the cyst, which is crucial for planning any necessary surgical procedures.

Early diagnosis and management are important to prevent potential complications like airway obstruction, especially in infants and young children who may present with more acute symptoms due to their smaller airway size.

Overall, vallecular cysts are a manageable condition with a favorable prognosis following appropriate treatment.