Torticollis

Torticollis, also known as wry neck, is a condition characterized by an abnormal, asymmetrical head or neck position, which may be due to muscular or bony abnormalities.

This condition primarily affects the neck region where the muscles, particularly the sternocleidomastoid, contract involuntarily, leading to the twisting or tilting of the head to one side.

Torticollis can be congenital, present at birth due to birth trauma or intrauterine malposition, or acquired later in life due to muscle or nerve injury, inflammation, or other disorders.

In congenital torticollis, affected infants might display a palpable neck mass and a consistent head tilt.

Acquired torticollis can result from infections, trauma, or cervical spine abnormalities.

The condition can lead to discomfort, limited range of neck motion, and in severe cases, alterations in facial symmetry due to prolonged positioning.

Diagnosis is often clinical, but imaging such as an X-ray, CT, or MRI of the cervical spine can help identify structural anomalies or other underlying causes.

Treatment may include physical therapy to stretch and strengthen neck muscles, medications to manage pain and inflammation, and in some cases, surgical intervention to correct muscle length or address cervical spine issues.

Early intervention, particularly in congenital cases, can lead to significant improvement and prevent complications.