Submandibular gland tumor

A submandibular gland tumor is a growth that occurs in one of the major salivary glands situated beneath the lower jaw, known as the submandibular glands.

These glands play a crucial role in producing saliva, which aids in digestion and maintains oral hygiene by keeping the mouth moist and neutralizing acids produced by oral bacteria.

Tumors in the submandibular gland can be benign or malignant, with pleomorphic adenomas being the most common benign type and adenoid cystic carcinoma being a notable malignant form.

Submandibular gland tumors typically present as a palpable mass or swelling below the jawline, which may be accompanied by pain or discomfort, especially if the tumor is malignant.

Other symptoms might include difficulty in swallowing, reduced saliva production, or facial nerve weakness if the tumor affects surrounding nerves.

Diagnosis of a submandibular gland tumor often involves imaging studies such as ultrasound, MRI, or CT scans to assess the size, location, and nature of the tumor.

A biopsy may be performed to determine the histological nature of the tumor.

Treatment options vary depending on whether the tumor is benign or malignant, ranging from surgical excision of the gland to radiation therapy or chemotherapy for aggressive cancers.

Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent potential complications such as local invasion or metastasis.