Submandibular gland enlargement

Submandibular gland enlargement refers to the swelling or increase in size of the submandibular gland, one of the major salivary glands located beneath the lower jaw, within the neck region.

The submandibular glands are responsible for producing saliva, which aids in digestion, maintains oral hygiene, and keeps the mouth moist.

This condition can result from various causes, including infections, blockages due to salivary stones, autoimmune disorders like Sjögren's syndrome, or neoplastic processes.

When the submandibular gland becomes enlarged, it may cause noticeable swelling or a lump in the neck, discomfort, pain, or even difficulties in swallowing.

Infections may lead to fever and generalized malaise.

Diagnosis often involves imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI to assess the gland's size and structure, along with fine needle aspiration if a tumor is suspected.

Treatment depends on the underlying cause: antibiotics for bacterial infections, sialogogues (agents that increase saliva flow) for blockages, or surgical intervention if there is a persistent obstruction or tumor.

Regular monitoring and a comprehensive evaluation of symptoms help in tailoring the appropriate management plan for the patient.