Sphenoid sinus mucocele

A sphenoid sinus mucocele is a type of cystic lesion that occurs within the sphenoid sinus, which is one of the four paired paranasal sinuses in the head.

This condition arises when the drainage pathway of the sinus becomes obstructed, leading to an accumulation of mucus.

Over time, the retained mucus can expand the sinus cavity, potentially causing pressure on adjacent structures such as the optic nerve, pituitary gland, or the brain itself.

Clinically, patients may present with symptoms like headaches, visual disturbances, or even cranial nerve palsies, depending on the degree and direction of the expansion.

Diagnosis is typically made through imaging studies, with CT or MRI scans providing detailed insights into the extent of the mucocele and its effects on surrounding tissues.

Treatment often involves surgical intervention to restore drainage and alleviate pressure, which may be performed endoscopically.

This condition underscores the importance of timely diagnosis and intervention, as untreated mucoceles can lead to significant complications.