Sacral insufficiency fracture

A sacral insufficiency fracture is a type of stress fracture that occurs in the sacrum, a triangular bone at the base of the spine and part of the pelvis.

This condition is most commonly seen in elderly individuals, particularly postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, as the weakened bone structure makes them susceptible to fractures even with minimal trauma or normal weight-bearing activities.

The condition typically results in lower back pain, often radiating to the hips or buttocks, and can significantly impair mobility and quality of life.

It may mimic other conditions such as lumbar spine disorders, making accurate diagnosis crucial for effective treatment.

Detection of a sacral insufficiency fracture can be effectively achieved through imaging techniques.

While X-rays may not always reveal these fractures, advanced imaging modalities like MRI and CT scans are more sensitive and can confirm the diagnosis by showing the exact location and extent of the fracture.

Early detection and appropriate management, including pain control, physical therapy, and sometimes surgical intervention, are essential to prevent further complications and aid recovery.

The condition underscores the importance of bone health, especially in populations at risk for osteoporosis, and highlights the need for preventive measures such as bone density screening, adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, and weight-bearing exercises to maintain bone strength.