Retropharyngeal abscess

A retropharyngeal abscess is a collection of pus located in the tissues at the back of the throat, in the retropharyngeal space.

This condition primarily affects the hypopharynx, which is part of the throat located behind the nasal cavity and above the esophagus and larynx.

The abscess is typically a result of bacterial infection, often following upper respiratory infections, trauma, or foreign body ingestion.

In terms of pathophysiology, the infection can lead to the accumulation of pus due to inflammation, which can cause swelling and discomfort.

The swelling can compromise the airway, making this condition a potential medical emergency.

Common symptoms include difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), sore throat, neck pain, fever, and in severe cases, breathing difficulties.

Diagnosing a retropharyngeal abscess often involves imaging studies to confirm the presence of the abscess and to assess its size and potential impact on surrounding structures.

CT scans of the neck are particularly useful, and a Head & Torso or Whole Body scan can help in comprehensive evaluation, especially if the infection has spread.

Treatment typically involves antibiotics to address the bacterial infection, and in many cases, surgical drainage of the abscess is necessary to prevent complications like airway obstruction or the spread of infection to nearby vital structures.

Early diagnosis and management are crucial to avoid serious complications.