Renal infarction

Renal infarction is a medical condition that occurs when there is a sudden loss of blood flow to a part of the kidney, leading to tissue death (infarction) in the affected area.

This condition is usually caused by the obstruction of one of the renal arteries or its branches, which can occur due to embolism, thrombosis, or trauma.

Without adequate blood supply, the affected kidney tissue cannot receive the necessary oxygen and nutrients, resulting in cell death and loss of function in the infarcted region.

Patients with renal infarction may experience sudden onset of flank pain, hematuria (blood in the urine), fever, nausea, and occasionally hypertension.

Diagnosis is often confirmed through imaging studies, such as a CT scan of the abdomen, which can reveal the presence of an infarcted area in the kidney.

MRI and Doppler ultrasound may also be used to assess blood flow and tissue damage.

Laboratory tests may show elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and other markers indicative of tissue damage.

Treatment of renal infarction involves managing the underlying cause, such as anticoagulation therapy for embolic events, and addressing symptoms.

In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to restore blood flow.

The prognosis depends on the extent of the infarction and the timely initiation of treatment.

Early detection and intervention are crucial to preserving kidney function and preventing complications, such as chronic kidney disease.