Pelvic bone metastasis

Pelvic bone metastasis refers to the spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor site to the bones of the pelvis.

This condition is an indication of advanced cancer, often originating from cancers such as breast, prostate, lung, or kidney.

The pelvis is a common site for bone metastases due to its rich blood supply and the presence of red bone marrow, which may attract circulating cancer cells.

When cancer cells invade the pelvic bones, they disrupt normal bone homeostasis, leading to a variety of symptoms and complications.

Patients may experience pain, which is often the first symptom, as well as potential fractures due to the weakening of the bone structure.

Other complications can include hypercalcemia (increased calcium levels in the blood), which can cause nausea, vomiting, and confusion.

Diagnosis of pelvic bone metastasis typically involves imaging studies.

A "Torso" scan, which includes the pelvis, can detect bony changes indicative of metastasis.

More comprehensive imaging, such as "Head & Torso" or "Whole Body" scans, may be used to assess the extent of metastatic spread.

These scans include modalities like CT, MRI, and bone scans, which can provide detailed images of bone integrity and identify areas of increased metabolic activity typical of metastatic lesions.

Treatment for pelvic bone metastasis aims to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.

Options may include systemic therapies like chemotherapy, hormone therapy for hormone-sensitive cancers, targeted therapy, and bisphosphonates or denosumab to strengthen bones.

Radiation therapy is often used to control pain and reduce tumor size locally.

The management plan is highly individualized, considering the patient's overall health, type of primary cancer, and extent of metastasis.