Mesenteric adenitis

Mesenteric adenitis, also known as mesenteric lymphadenitis, is an inflammation of the lymph nodes in the mesentery, a fold of tissue that attaches the intestine to the abdominal wall, holding it in place.

This condition primarily affects the lymphatic system within the abdominal region and often presents with symptoms that can mimic appendicitis, such as abdominal pain, fever, and sometimes diarrhea.

It is more commonly observed in children and young adults.

The condition is typically caused by a viral infection, although bacterial infections can also be responsible.

The most common viral cause is the adenovirus, which also affects the respiratory tract, while Yersinia enterocolitica is a bacterial culprit that can be linked to the condition.

The inflammation leads to swelling of the lymph nodes, which can be detected using imaging techniques.

For diagnostic purposes, imaging scans such as an ultrasound or a CT scan of the abdomen (Torso scan) are used to visualize the enlarged lymph nodes and to help differentiate mesenteric adenitis from other causes of acute abdominal pain, particularly appendicitis.

Treatment often involves supportive care, focusing on relieving symptoms while the underlying infection resolves.

In cases of bacterial infection, antibiotics may be prescribed.

The prognosis is generally good, with most individuals recovering fully without long-term effects.