Meniscal cyst

A meniscal cyst is a fluid-filled sac that occurs adjacent to the meniscus of the knee joint.

The meniscus is a C-shaped piece of cartilage that acts as a cushion between the femur (thigh bone) and the tibia (shin bone).

Meniscal cysts are often associated with meniscal tears and can cause localized pain, swelling, and a palpable lump over the knee joint.

These cysts may vary in size and can sometimes make knee movements uncomfortable or painful.

The exact cause of meniscal cysts is not entirely understood, but they are commonly linked to degenerative changes or trauma to the meniscus.

When the meniscus is torn, synovial fluid can escape and form a cyst.

Diagnosis of a meniscal cyst typically involves a physical examination followed by imaging studies such as MRI, which provides a detailed view of soft tissues and can confirm the presence of a cyst.

Treatment for meniscal cysts depends on the symptoms and the size of the cyst.

Conservative management may include rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), along with anti-inflammatory medications.

In cases where the cyst is large or symptomatic, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove the cyst and repair the associated meniscal tear.

Arthroscopic surgery is a minimally invasive procedure often used for this purpose, leading to quicker recovery times and less postoperative pain.

Regular follow-up is essential to monitor the knee's health and prevent recurrence.