Iliotibial band syndrome

Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS) is a common overuse injury affecting the connective tissue that runs from the hip to the knee, known as the iliotibial band.

This condition primarily impacts the lateral aspect of the knee and is prevalent among runners, cyclists, and individuals engaging in activities involving repetitive knee flexion and extension.

The iliotibial band is a thick band of fascia that stabilizes the knee during movement.

In ITBS, the band becomes tight or inflamed, leading to friction against the lateral femoral epicondyle—a bony prominence on the outer part of the knee.

This friction can result in pain, swelling, and a burning sensation on the outside of the knee, which may be exacerbated by continued activity.

Diagnosis is typically clinical, based on history and physical examination, but imaging such as MRI may be used to rule out other causes of knee pain or to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment often involves rest, physical therapy focusing on stretching and strengthening exercises, and addressing any biomechanical issues contributing to the problem.

In some cases, anti-inflammatory medications or corticosteroid injections are utilized to alleviate pain and inflammation.

Understanding the mechanics of ITBS and the role of the iliotibial band in the musculoskeletal system is crucial for effective management and prevention.

Proper training techniques, equipment adjustments, and conditioning can help mitigate the risk of developing this syndrome.