Gastric volvulus

Gastric volvulus is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal rotation of the stomach around one of its axes, leading to a partial or complete obstruction.

This can compromise the blood supply to the stomach and disrupt normal digestive processes.

The condition can occur in acute or chronic forms and is considered a surgical emergency when acute, due to the risk of gastric necrosis—tissue death due to lack of blood flow.

The stomach is located in the abdomen and its twisting can lead to severe symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and difficulty swallowing, known as Borchardt's triad.

In some cases, it may also cause respiratory distress due to the stomach's pressure on the diaphragm.

Gastric volvulus is most commonly detected using imaging studies such as an upper gastrointestinal series or computed tomography (CT) scans that are part of a 'Torso' scan, which can show the malrotation and any associated complications.

Treatment typically involves surgical intervention to untwist the stomach and possibly fix it in place to prevent recurrence.

Understanding the underlying cause, such as diaphragmatic hernias or anatomical abnormalities, is crucial for effective management and prevention.