Facet synovial cyst

Facet synovial cysts are fluid-filled sacs that form adjacent to the facet joints of the spine, which are the small stabilizing joints located between and behind adjacent vertebrae.

These cysts are typically filled with synovial fluid, a viscous liquid that lubricates the joints.

Facet synovial cysts often result from degeneration of the spine, including osteoarthritis, and are most frequently observed in the lumbar region.

These cysts can cause symptoms by exerting pressure on nearby nerve roots or the spinal cord itself, leading to pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the legs, a condition often referred to as radiculopathy.

In severe cases, they may contribute to spinal stenosis, a narrowing of the spinal canal, which can further exacerbate nerve compression symptoms.

Diagnosis of facet synovial cysts typically involves imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans, as these modalities provide detailed views of the soft tissues and can identify cysts, their size, and their relation to surrounding structures.

Treatment options may include conservative measures such as physical therapy and pain management, or more invasive interventions like aspiration of the cyst or surgical removal if symptoms are severe and persistent.

Understanding the presence and implications of a facet synovial cyst is crucial for managing spinal health and addressing symptomatic relief.