Dandy-Walker malformation

Dandy-Walker malformation is a congenital brain malformation that affects the cerebellum and the fluid-filled spaces around it.

It is characterized by an enlargement of the fourth ventricle, a partial or complete absence of the cerebellar vermis (the central part of the cerebellum), and the formation of a cyst near the internal base of the skull.

This condition can impede the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid, potentially leading to increased intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus, which is an accumulation of excess cerebrospinal fluid in the brain.

Dandy-Walker malformation can vary in severity and may be associated with other structural brain abnormalities, as well as with a range of physical and developmental challenges.

Common symptoms include developmental delay, problems with movement, muscle stiffness or lack of muscle tone, and, in some cases, seizures.

The condition can be diagnosed prenatally or shortly after birth using imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans, which provide detailed images of the brain's structure.

Management of Dandy-Walker malformation often involves addressing the symptoms and complications that arise.

This may include surgical interventions to manage hydrocephalus, physical therapy to improve motor skills, and other supportive therapies tailored to the child's specific needs.

The prognosis varies widely depending on the severity of the malformation and any associated anomalies.

With appropriate medical care and therapy, many individuals with Dandy-Walker malformation can lead fulfilling lives.