Complex adnexal mass

A complex adnexal mass refers to a growth that occurs in the adnexa of the uterus, which includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and surrounding connective tissue.

These masses can be cystic, solid, or a combination of both, and their complexity is often determined by the presence of solid components, septations, or irregular borders seen during imaging studies.

Complex adnexal masses can have a variety of causes, ranging from benign conditions such as ovarian cysts, endometriosis, or fibromas, to malignant processes, including ovarian cancer.

The clinical presentation may vary; some patients experience pelvic pain, bloating, or changes in menstrual cycles, while others remain asymptomatic and the mass is discovered incidentally during routine pelvic examinations or imaging studies.

Diagnosing a complex adnexal mass typically involves imaging studies such as ultrasound, CT, or MRI, which help in assessing the size, structure, and characteristics of the mass.

Blood tests, including tumor markers like CA-125, may also be utilized to further evaluate the nature of the mass.

Management of a complex adnexal mass depends on various factors, including the patient's age, symptoms, the mass's characteristics, and its potential for malignancy.

Treatment options range from careful monitoring and follow-up imaging to surgical intervention, which might involve laparoscopic procedures or, in some cases, open surgery to remove the mass and assess its pathology.

Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial to address potential complications and improve outcomes.