Ascites

Ascites is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, the space within the abdomen that houses the intestines, liver, and other organs.

This condition is often a result of liver disease, particularly cirrhosis, where the liver's ability to function is compromised, leading to increased pressure in the blood vessels and a decrease in albumin production.

These changes result in fluid leakage into the abdominal cavity.

In addition to liver disease, ascites can also be caused by cancer, heart failure, kidney problems, or infections such as tuberculosis.

Patients with ascites may experience abdominal discomfort, bloating, rapid weight gain, and shortness of breath due to pressure on the diaphragm.

Ascites can significantly impact quality of life and lead to complications such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, a serious infection of the ascitic fluid.

Diagnosis of ascites is typically achieved through physical examination, ultrasound, and sometimes CT scans, which help visualize fluid accumulation.

Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause, along with managing symptoms through methods such as diuretics, salt restriction, and in severe cases, paracentesis, where fluid is drained from the abdomen.

Understanding and managing ascites requires a comprehensive approach, often involving a multidisciplinary medical team.